Australia Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Australia? Main activities and attractions

Australia features a wealth of cultural and historical landmarks that reflect its rich and diverse past. Sydney’s Opera House and Harbour Bridge are not only architectural icons but cultural hubs. In Melbourne, the laneways filled with street art and the National Gallery of Victoria highlight urban creativity. In the north, Darwin’s Museum and Art Gallery presents Aboriginal artefacts and colonial history. For those seeking to connect with indigenous culture, a visit to Uluru and the nearby Cultural Centre offers insight into ancient Dreamtime mythology.

Nature lovers will be mesmerised by the Great Barrier Reef, the world’s largest coral reef system, ideal for diving and snorkelling. Trekking the Blue Mountains or Tasmania’s parks reveals unique ecosystems. For an immersive natural experience, Kakadu National Park combines wetland fauna, Aboriginal rock art and dramatic landscapes. Australia’s gastronomy is equally rich, with fresh seafood, native ingredients like wattleseed and finger lime, and a growing wine scene in areas like Barossa Valley. Don’t miss the chance to sample kangaroo or enjoy a beachside BBQ under the stars.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Australia

Beyond its iconic landmarks and popular beaches, Australia hides a world of lesser-known adventures that captivate inquisitive travellers looking to escape the crowds. These unusual discoveries enrich any travel to Australia and provide a fresh perspective of its vast territory.

Head to Coober Pedy in South Australia, a surreal opal-mining town where most locals live underground to escape desert heat. The subterranean homes, churches, and hotels offer a one-of-a-kind experience. In Tasmania, explore the Tarkine Rainforest, one of the largest temperate rainforests in the southern hemisphere, teeming with wildlife and ancient trees, yet rarely visited by tourists.

For something different, take a sheltering walk within the Bungle Bungles in Purnululu National Park, Western Australia—the orange-striped beehive-shaped rock formations are geologic wonders only accessible by 4WD or helicopter. Those seeking remoteness can venture to Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory, a sacred Aboriginal reserve with pristine beaches, rock paintings, and strong cultural integrity requiring permits to visit.

Finally, astronomy lovers will be amazed by the night skies at Warrumbungle National Park in New South Wales—Australia’s only Dark Sky Park, offering crystal-clear views of the cosmos. Exploring these corners rewards travellers with unique stories and connections, far from the typical tourist routes.

When to visit Australia? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Australia

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, UK, and US citizens must obtain an electronic travel authorization (eVisitor or ETA) before entering Australia. These visas are free or low-cost and allow stays of up to 3 months. A valid passport and a completed declaration are necessary for airport control. Extensions or longer stays require specific visas.

🚗 Driving rules

Australians drive on the left-hand side. It’s essential to be alert at roundabouts and crossings. An international driving license is required alongside a valid national license. Seatbelts are mandatory, and alcohol limits are strict. In remote areas, watch out for wildlife at dawn and dusk.

🔌 Electricity

Australia uses type I plugs with a voltage of 230V and a frequency of 50Hz. European travellers will need an adapter. Most hotels provide adapters on request, but it is advisable to carry your own.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Coverage is good in urban centres but limited in remote regions. Major operators include Telstra, Optus, and Vodafone. Prepaid SIM cards are widely available at airports and convenience stores. Expect to pay around AUD 10–30 depending on data needs.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Australia is generally safe with a low crime rate, especially in suburbs and small towns. Urban centres may experience petty theft, especially at night or in crowded places. Exercise caution in some nightlife areas and on remote outback roads. Dial 000 for emergencies.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Strict biosecurity laws prohibit the entry of food, plants, and animal products. Penalties for violations are high. Drugs are illegal and tightly controlled. Smoking is banned in most indoor spaces and close to public buildings.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Aussies value politeness, humour, and casual manners. Tipping is appreciated but not mandatory. Swimwear is acceptable at the beach but not in shops or cafes. Avoid loud behaviour in public transport or national parks.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Australia is a secular country but home to various religions. Churches, mosques, and temples are open to respectful visitors. While dress codes are generally relaxed, modest clothing is appreciated in places of worship. Major holidays include Christmas, Easter, and Ramadan observances in Muslim communities.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Australia, Australia National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025