Colombia Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Colombia? Main activities and attractions

Colombia is home to impressive historical and cultural landmarks that showcase its rich past and vibrant identity. The colonial old town of Cartagena, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a must-see with its colorful facades, fortresses, and lively plazas. In Bogotá, the Gold Museum displays exceptional pre-Columbian treasures, while the nearby Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá offers a unique underground spiritual experience. Medellín, once infamous, is now a hub of innovation and urban transformation, with fascinating public art, cable cars, and botanical gardens. The archaeological site of San Agustín reveals ancient secrets through mysterious stone statues, highlighting Colombia’s indigenous heritage.

Nature lovers will be amazed by Colombia’s biodiversity and landscapes. Trekking through the Cocora Valley, where gigantic wax palms tower over green hills, is a surreal experience. Tayrona National Park combines tropical forest and Caribbean beaches, ideal for hiking and snorkeling. Inland, the Amazon region allows for jungle explorations among exotic fauna. Colombian gastronomy is equally diverse—try bandeja paisa, costeño ceviche, or tropical fruits like lulo and guanábana. Local markets and street food tours offer immersive cultural moments that awaken all the senses.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Colombia

Beyond its famed cities and beaches, Colombia offers many lesser-known experiences for the curious traveler. In the Tatacoa Desert, located in the Huila region, visitors can explore a surreal red and gray landscape ideal for stargazing, thanks to its dry climate and minimal light pollution. In Caño Cristales, known as the “River of Five Colors” and located in the Serranía de la Macarena, aquatic plants give the river an extraordinary palette of hues between June and November, offering an unforgettable natural phenomenon.

For coffee enthusiasts, a visit to small farms in the lesser-known areas of the Coffee Axis like Pijao or Buenavista provides intimate insights into traditional cultivation and rural life. In the Guajira Peninsula, travelers can meet the Indigenous Wayuu community, discovering their colorful culture and dances amidst dry, windswept desert. Another hidden gem lies in San José del Guaviare, where ancient rock art and jungle trekking routes remain largely undiscovered by mass tourism. These rare sites and encounters reveal another face of Colombia—authentic, intimate, and deeply connected to its territory’s soul. For adventurous travelers, venturing outside the classic routes leads to richer, more personal travel experiences.

When to visit Colombia? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Colombia

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, US, and UK citizens do not need a visa for tourism stays under 90 days. A valid passport with at least six months validity is required. Upon arrival, immigration stamps your entry and indicates the authorized duration. Extension requests can be made at local migration offices, and a departure tax may apply when leaving the country by air.

🚗 Driving rules

Cars drive on the right-hand side in Colombia. An international driving permit is recommended, although some rental agencies accept national licenses. Road conditions vary: highways are generally good, but rural areas may be poorly maintained. Use official taxis or car hire with driver for safety and convenience in major cities.

🔌 Electricity

Electrical outlets use type A and B plugs, similar to US standards, with a voltage of 110V and frequency of 60Hz. Travelers from Europe will need an adapter and possibly a voltage converter.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Colombia has good coverage in cities and most towns, with main operators including Claro, Movistar, and Tigo. Prepaid SIM cards are easy to obtain with a passport at stores or kiosks. Data plans are affordable and 4G is widely available.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

While most tourist areas in Colombia are safe, some rural regions remain risky due to isolated criminal groups. Stay updated with official travel advisories. Use authorized taxis, avoid displaying valuables, and seek local advice. Emergency services can be reached via number 123 nationwide.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Drug possession, including small amounts, is strictly penalized. Exporting antiques or wild species is forbidden. Smoking is banned in closed public spaces. Respect local regulations to avoid fines or legal action.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Politeness and greetings are important: handshakes and formalities are common. Avoid intrusive questions or gestures. Dress modestly in rural areas and when visiting churches. Public displays of affection are generally accepted in urban settings.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Roman Catholicism dominates, but evangelical and Indigenous beliefs are also practiced. Visitors should behave respectfully in churches and during festivals like Holy Week. Refrain from loud behavior and always ask permission when photographing people or rituals.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Colombia, Colombia National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025