Egypt Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Egypt? Main activities and attractions

Egypt offers an unparalleled array of historical and cultural attractions. Explore the legendary Giza Plateau with its **Great Pyramids and the Sphinx**, a UNESCO-listed wonder. Luxor and the Valley of the Kings showcase ancient tombs and temples of the New Kingdom. At Abu Simbel, the colossal statues of Ramses II await on the shores of Lake Nasser. The Egyptian Museum in Cairo holds a vast collection of antiquities, including treasures from Tutankhamun’s tomb. Islamic Cairo and Coptic Cairo offer insight into Egypt’s multi-layered religious history and architecture.

Beyond its monuments, Egypt reveals breathtaking natural landscapes and authentic experiences. Dive in the crystal-clear reefs of the Red Sea in Sharm El Sheikh or Hurghada, or sail on a traditional felucca along the Nile. The deserts offer adventures in places like the White Desert with surreal rock formations. Gastronomically, try koshari, ful medames, or freshly grilled fish in coastal towns. Desert camps near Siwa Oasis provide a chance to engage with Berber culture under the stars. These activities combine nature, culture, and local flavor in a unique way.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Egypt

A travel to Egypt doesn’t have to follow the tourist trail. Beyond the Pyramids and Luxor, the country harbors hidden gems that reveal its authentic soul. For adventurous travelers, these less-known places provide deeper connections to Egypt’s culture and landscape. Start with the Siwa Oasis, near the Libyan border. Surrounded by sand dunes and salt lakes, it offers mudbrick architecture and unique Amazigh traditions. Visit the natural hot springs or explore the ruins of the Oracle Temple where Alexander the Great was declared pharaoh. Head to Fayoum for a rural Egyptian experience: home to Qarun Lake and panoramic desert waterfalls, it’s a perfect weekend escape from Cairo. Local crafts like pottery and palm-leaf weaving thrive here. In the Sinai Peninsula, trade Sharm el-Sheikh for Dahab, a laid-back Bedouin town known for windsurfing, camel trekking, and its welcoming vibe. Off the coast, you’ll find Blue Hole, a diving mecca wrapped in both beauty and lore. Cultural explorers can discover Zabbaleen Garbage Village on Mokattam Hill in Cairo, a Coptic Christian community that recycles the city’s waste and showcases ingenuity and resilience. Venturing off-the-beaten-path in Egypt unlocks unexpected stories and landscapes that enrich any trip. These discoveries offer moments of surprise and authenticity that contrast beautifully with Egypt’s iconic highlights.

When to visit Egypt? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Egypt

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, US, and UK citizens need a visa to enter Egypt, which can be obtained as an e-visa online or on arrival at major airports. Tourist visas are typically valid for 30 days. Passports must be valid for at least six months beyond your entry date. Carry a printed copy of your e-visa and travel itinerary.

🚗 Driving rules

Driving is on the right side of the road. An international driving permit is recommended in addition to your national license. Roads in cities can be congested and chaotic. Outside urban areas, routes may lack signage and lighting. Caution is advised, especially at night.

🔌 Electricity

Egypt uses types C and F plugs (same as in Europe), with a standard voltage of 220V and a frequency of 50Hz. Travelers from the UK or US will need an adapter. Universal adapters work well across the country.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Mobile coverage is good in cities and tourist areas, but may drop in remote desert regions. Major operators include Vodafone Egypt, Orange, and Etisalat. Prepaid SIM cards with data are available at airports and kiosks, costing around $5–10. Internet speed is moderate but stable in major hotels.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Tourist zones are generally safe, though some areas near the Libyan border and parts of Sinai are restricted or discouraged. Cairo and Luxor are secure with a visible police presence. Stay updated with travel advisories and avoid political gatherings. Emergency number: 122 (police), 123 (ambulance).

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Do not photograph military buildings or police. Importing drones and certain medications without declaration is prohibited. Drug laws are strict and penalties severe. Respect archaeological sites: climbing monuments is forbidden.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Modest attire is recommended, especially in rural or religious areas. Public displays of affection should be avoided. Remove shoes when entering religious sites and avoid offering your left hand. Greetings are important, and politeness is well-received.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Islam is the dominant religion, but Christians (mainly Coptic) also form part of society. During Ramadan, eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight may be frowned upon. Dress respectfully in mosques and avoid visiting during prayer times.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Egypt, Egypt National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025