Guinea-Bissau Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Guinea-Bissau? Main activities and attractions

The Bijagós Islands are undoubtedly the cultural heart of Guinea-Bissau, home to matriarchal societies and rich animist traditions. A visit to Bubaque Island, the archipelago’s largest, reveals a unique blend of creole culture and untouched nature. In the capital Bissau, the old colonial center features faded Portuguese architecture, colorful markets, and the National Ethnographic Museum showcasing traditional artifacts. The town of Bolama, once the colonial capital, offers abandoned administrative buildings reclaimed by nature, giving a haunting yet fascinating glimpse into the past. For history enthusiasts, Fort Cacheu narrates the story of Portuguese exploration and the slave trade.

Guinea-Bissau is a paradise for nature lovers and birdwatchers. The Orango National Park, located in the Bijagós, shelters saltwater hippos, manatees, and rare birds like palm-nut vultures. You can take a traditional pirogue to navigate mangrove-lined rivers while spotting crocodiles and monkeys. The country’s cuisine reflects African and Portuguese traditions—don’t miss arroz com chabéu (rice with smoked fish) or amendoim soup made with peanuts and vegetables. Local markets offer abundant fresh fruits, cashew nuts—the main national export—and palm wine. Evenings often come alive with spontaneous music and dance gatherings, allowing travelers to experience the country’s vibrant social spirit.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Guinea-Bissau

Beyond the known routes and main attractions, Guinea-Bissau offers intriguing experiences that few travelers encounter. For those willing to explore further, the rewards include moments of authenticity and rare discoveries.

Varela Beach, tucked in the northwest near the Senegalese border, offers deserted white sands shaded by coconut palms. Often completely empty, it’s ideal for unwinding or observing sea turtle nests in season. Locals still fish traditionally here using handcrafted boats.

In the little-visited town of Bafatá, known as the birthplace of revolutionary leader Amílcar Cabral, you can see colonial ruins, vibrant local murals, and enjoy views from the riverbank promenade. The surrounding savannah is also rich for wildlife spotting.

The Sacred Forests of Canchungo, respected by local animist groups, are used for rituals and community decisions. Though visitors are welcome, it’s essential to go with local guides who can explain their significance respectfully.

The saltwater hippos of Orango Island remain a unique phenomenon—these elusive creatures bathe in mangrove-lined lagoons and are rarely found elsewhere in West Africa. Trekking into their habitat provides a perfect mix of cultural exchange and wildlife watching.

Exploring these lesser-known corners not only enhances a traveler’s understanding of Guinea-Bissau but highlights the country’s diverse traditions and landscapes often hidden from typical itineraries.

When to visit Guinea-Bissau? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Guinea-Bissau

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, UK, and US citizens need a visa to enter Guinea-Bissau. Tourist visas can be obtained from embassies or upon arrival at the airport for short stays up to 30 days. Travelers must present a valid passport (still valid for at least 6 months), a return ticket, and proof of accommodation.

🚗 Driving rules

Driving is on the right and most roads outside major cities are poorly maintained. An international driving license is required and recommended, along with patience and caution due to limited signage and frequent road obstructions.

🔌 Electricity

Electrical outlets are type C and E with a voltage of 220V and frequency of 50Hz. Travelers from the UK or US will need a type C/E adapter.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Guinea-Bissau has limited network coverage in rural areas, but urban zones are served by Orange and MTN. SIM cards are available cheaply at local kiosks. Mobile internet is more reliable than Wi-Fi, which is rare outside hotels.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

The country is generally safe, but political instability or strikes may occur. Avoid areas near Casamance (Senegal border) and remote areas without local guidance. Pickpocketing can happen in crowded markets. Emergency number: 117 (police).

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Drug possession is strictly punished. Importing drones or military-style equipment is prohibited. Avoid photographing government buildings or military personnel.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Greetings are important—shake hands and use polite forms of address. Dress conservatively in rural areas. Public displays of affection should be avoided. Always ask permission before taking photos of people.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Islam, Christianity, and traditional animist beliefs are widely practiced. Remove shoes before entering a place of worship. During Ramadan, avoid eating publicly during the day out of respect.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Guinea-Bissau, Guinea-Bissau National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025