Iran Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Iran? Main activities and attractions

Iran boasts a wealth of cultural and historical landmarks that extend far beyond expectations. In the north, Persepolis dazzles with its ruins from the Achaemenid Empire, while Isfahan entices visitors with its stunning Naqsh-e Jahan Square and majestic mosques. Shiraz, the city of poetry, vineyards, and gardens, is home to the Pink Mosque and the Tomb of Hafez. Tehran offers a more modern face with its revolution museums, royal palaces, and Milad Tower. Iran’s long history unfolds through over 20 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, reflecting thousands of years of civilization.

Nature lovers will find dramatic contrasts, from the beaches of the Persian Gulf to the snowy Alborz Mountains. Embark on hikes through the lush Gilan forests or explore the surreal salt flats of Dasht-e Kavir. The traditional Iranian bazaar experience is a feast for the senses, with spices, saffron, tapestries, and handmade ceramics. Don’t miss the unique local cuisine: from kebabs and stews (like ghormeh sabzi) to sweets such as baklava and faloodeh. Experiencing a tea ceremony or sipping doogh in a mountain village provides authentic cultural insight. Whether trekking, desert camping or culinary tasting, there are countless unforgettable and essential experiences in Iran.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Iran

While Iran’s major cities draw thousands of visitors, the country offers numerous lesser-known treasures for adventurous travelers. These discoveries invite you to delve deeper into Iran’s soul and encounter places few outsiders have ever seen.

Visit the troglodyte village of Kandovan, located in East Azerbaijan. Carved into volcanic rocks, homes resemble those in Cappadocia but are still lived in today. In the desert, spend a night in the sand-surrounded village of Mesr, where stargazing reaches its peak in total silence. For a natural wonder, head to Badab-e Surt in Mazandaran Province, a series of stunning travertine terraces filled with colorful mineral springs—few tourists make it this far.

Religious heritage also reveals hidden jewels. The monastery of Saint Thaddeus in West Azerbaijan is one of the oldest Christian churches in the world, nestled among mountains. Meanwhile, Hormuz Island surprises with rainbow-colored earth and artistic installations scattered across its surreal landscape. Don’t miss the red beach and Salt Goddess Cave. For a cultural twist, witness a Persian Zār ritual in southern provinces like Bushehr, a rare trance ceremony rooted in African heritage.

These offbeat experiences showcase the multilayered depth of Iranian culture beyond the popular spots. They reward the curious traveler with unique insights—and memories that truly set a journey apart.

When to visit Iran? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Iran

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, UK, and US citizens must apply for a visa before visiting Iran. Visa-on-arrival is possible at certain airports for some nationalities, but applying through an approved travel agency is typically safer. Stays up to 30 days are common, with possible extensions. You’ll need a valid passport (at least 6 months validity), a visa authorization code, and travel insurance.

🚗 Driving rules

Iranians drive on the right-hand side of the road. An International Driving Permit (IDP) is required alongside your national license. Traffic in major cities like Tehran can be chaotic. Seatbelts are mandatory and road rules are enforced variably.

🔌 Electricity

Iran uses types C and F plugs (the same as Europe), with a voltage of 220V and frequency of 50Hz. Travelers from the UK and US will need plug adapters.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Iran has decent mobile coverage including 4G in most urban areas. Major operators include Irancell and MCI. Buying a SIM card at the airport or city centers is easy, with average packages costing less than €10. Note: international social media and some websites may be blocked.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Iran is generally safe for tourists, though isolated border regions (near Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq) should be avoided. Keep photocopies of your documents and avoid political discussions. The emergency number for police is 110.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Alcohol is strictly forbidden. Importing pork products, satellite phones, and drones without permits is illegal. Drug possession can lead to severe penalties.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Modest clothing is required: women must wear a headscarf and cover arms and legs. Men should avoid shorts in public. Always use the right hand for greeting and avoid public affection. Hospitality is profound, but photos of people and sites (especially government buildings) should be taken with caution.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Iran follows Shia Islam as the state religion. Fridays are the main day of worship. Inside mosques, dress modestly and follow visitor rules. During Ramadan, avoid eating or drinking in public from sunrise to sunset.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Iran, Iran National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025