Iraq Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Iraq? Main activities and attractions

Iraq is home to some of the world’s most ancient sites, making it a must-visit for history and culture enthusiasts. The ruins of Babylon near Hillah offer a glimpse into the legendary empire, while the ancient city of Nineveh near Mosul reveals the grandeur of the Assyrian civilization. In Baghdad, the National Museum of Iraq houses priceless Mesopotamian artifacts despite past damage and looting. Religious heritage is also significant, with important Shia shrines in Karbala and Najaf drawing millions of pilgrims annually. Walk through Erbil’s Citadel, a UNESCO World Heritage site, to experience one of the oldest continuously inhabited settlements on earth.

Beyond the historical landmarks, Iraq offers unexpected natural attractions. The mountainous north in Kurdistan features areas like Rawanduz Canyon and Lake Dukan, ideal for trekking and picnicking. For food lovers, Iraqi cuisine is a rich mix of grilled meats, fragrant rice dishes like biryani, and regional specialties such as samoon bread and dolma. Browsing through local bazaars gives a taste of Iraqi everyday life, especially in markets like Erbil’s Qaysari Bazaar. Nature, flavor, and culture are deeply intertwined in the Iraqi experience.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Iraq

While Iraq is known for its rich heritage, there are several lesser-known experiences worth discovering during your travel to Iraq. These overlooked gems offer insights into local life, nature, and history far from standard tourist paths.

Start with the mudbrick village of Al-Qurna, believed by some to be the biblical site of the Garden of Eden. Located at the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates, it provides a peaceful oasis among marshlands and ancient palms. In the south, explore the Mesopotamian Marshes aboard a traditional canoe—experience the ways of the indigenous Marsh Arabs, living among floating reed houses.

Further north, the town of Amadiya in Kurdistan perches atop a mountain plateau. With its incredible setting and unique cliffside gate, this old Assyrian town offers captivating hikes with sweeping vistas. Near Sulaymaniyah, visit the Red Prison (Amna Suraka), a former Ba’ath intelligence headquarters turned into a poignant museum about Saddam-era atrocities.

Head west to Al-Anbar province to witness the ancient caravanserais of the desert—it’s an isolated but fascinating sector where few tourists venture. These unique experiences underscore the resilience, depth, and diversity that define travel in Iraq beyond the expected landmarks.

When to visit Iraq? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Iraq

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, US, and UK citizens require a visa to enter Iraq. Tourists can apply for a visa on arrival at approved airports or seek an e-visa ahead of time. Passport validity of at least six months is mandatory. Entry to the Kurdistan Region may follow different procedures, often allowing a visa-free stay of up to 30 days for select nationalities.

🚗 Driving rules

Motorists drive on the right side of the road. An international driving license is required and often requested alongside your original license. Roads vary considerably in quality, and local driving styles can be erratic, particularly in urban areas. Car rentals are uncommon and best managed with a driver.

🔌 Electricity

Iraq uses type C and D power sockets. Voltage is 230V at 50Hz. Visitors from the UK or US will require an adapter for plug types and often a voltage converter. Power outages are frequent outside major cities, so standby solutions are useful.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Mobile coverage is generally good in cities and major towns. Leading operators include Asiacell, Korek, and Zain. Selling prepaid SIM cards is common at airports and local stores. Internet speed varies but is generally sufficient for emails and browsing. Consider a local SIM for cheap data access.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Due to security risks, travelers should avoid areas surrounding Mosul, Kirkuk, and parts of Anbar province. The Kurdistan Region is considered safer and more tourist-friendly. Always check official travel advisories before departure. Emergency numbers vary by region and are not always responsive; embassies remain the best contact in crises.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Importing alcohol or certain medications requires declaration. Drone usage is prohibited without prior approval. Taking photos of military zones, officials, or checkpoints is strictly forbidden. Dress modestly, especially in conservative or rural regions.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Always greet with respect and use your right hand for handshakes or giving items. Public displays of affection are frowned upon. Appropriate clothing includes covering shoulders and knees, especially for women. Avoid discussions on politics or religion unless invited by locals.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Iraq is a predominantly Muslim country, divided mostly between Shia and Sunni communities. Visiting mosques requires removing your shoes, and women should wear a headscarf. During Ramadan, eating or smoking in public during the day is discouraged. Respect religious events and processions when encountered.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Iraq, Iraq National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025