Japan Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Japan? Main activities and attractions

Japan’s cultural and historical sites offer a captivating journey through centuries of artistry, architecture, and tradition. Kyoto’s Kinkaku-ji (Golden Pavilion), the ancient temples of Nara, and Hiroshima’s Peace Memorial Park are pillars of national heritage. Tokyo, the bustling capital, houses historic districts like Asakusa and modern culture hubs like Shibuya. Castles such as Himeji and Matsumoto evoke samurai legends, while museums across the country showcase everything from manga to pottery. Travelers interested in spiritual heritage can explore Buddhist monasteries on Mount Koya or witness Shinto rituals at Ise Grand Shrine.

Nature lovers will be delighted by outdoor experiences like hiking Mount Fuji, bathing in onsen (hot springs), and exploring alpine villages like Shirakawa-go. Japan’s coastlines boast beautiful beaches, while islands like Okinawa offer coral reefs and marine adventures. During spring, cherry blossom viewing, or hanami, transforms parks into a dreamlike scene. In autumn, fiery foliage sweeps across the countryside. Culinary explorations are essential too: from sushi in Tokyo’s Tsukiji Market to street food in Osaka. Sampling regional dishes like Hiroshima okonomiyaki or Hokkaido seafood enriches your understanding of local culture. Don’t miss bustling izakayas or tranquil tea ceremonies for a full gastronomic experience.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Japan

Beyond its iconic temples and neon cities, Japan offers numerous hidden gems that promise unique and memorable experiences. For instance, the rabbit island of Ōkunoshima in Hiroshima Prefecture is home to hundreds of friendly, free-roaming rabbits. Originally a secret WWII poison gas facility, it’s now a whimsical, car-free getaway accessible by boat. In Nagano, stay in a traditional farmhouse in the mountain village of Tsumago, part of the ancient Nakasendō trail. With preserved Edo-period architecture and no power lines in sight, it transports visitors to a bygone era. For the curious, visiting the Oga Peninsula in Akita allows you to witness the Namahage ritual, where men in demon masks descend from the mountains to “scold” lazy villagers—a tradition tied to agricultural life. Alternatively, explore the Gunkanjima Island ruins near Nagasaki. This ghost town once thrived with coal mining activity but now offers hauntingly atmospheric, guided visits. And if you’re seeking nature in its purest form, head to Yakushima Island in the south—its moss-draped ancient cedar forests inspired Studio Ghibli’s Princess Mononoke. These experiences show that stepping away from Japan’s major cities opens the door to deeper cultural immersion and quiet wonders waiting off the well-trodden paths.

When to visit Japan? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Japan

📋 Formalities and visa

EU/US/UK citizens don’t need a visa for stays under 90 days. A valid passport is required, with at least one empty page. Upon arrival, a tourist entry stamp is provided, and no prior application is necessary for short visits. Make sure to have proof of onward travel and accommodation reservations if requested.

🚗 Driving rules

Japan drives on the left side of the road. An international driving license is required, specifically one based on the 1949 Geneva Convention (not all countries qualify). Roads are well-maintained, and highways often require tolls. Rural areas may have limited signage in English, and parking can be expensive in cities.

🔌 Electricity

Voltage is 100V with frequency varying between 50Hz (east) and 60Hz (west). Plug types A and B are used, so travelers from Europe or the UK will need an adapter. Some appliances may require a voltage converter.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Japan has excellent mobile coverage, even in rural areas. Major providers like NTT Docomo and SoftBank offer good service. Travelers can easily rent pocket Wi-Fi or buy prepaid SIM cards at airports. Data plans cost around ¥2000–3000 for a week, depending on usage.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Japan is one of the safest countries to visit, with a low crime rate. However, travelers should be cautious during typhoon season (August–October). Avoid entering yakuza-controlled nightlife areas in some districts of Tokyo and Osaka. Emergency number is 110 for police, 119 for ambulance/fire.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Strict drug laws apply, including over-the-counter medications that are common elsewhere. Importing items like Vicks inhalers, pseudoephedrine or CBD is banned. Smoking is restricted in public areas, and jaywalking may result in warnings or fines.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Politeness and discretion are highly valued. Tipping is not customary. Remove shoes when entering homes, temples, and some restaurants. Avoid loud conversations on public transport, and do not point or blow your nose in public.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Shintoism and Buddhism are the main religions. While visiting shrines, bow before passing under torii gates, and purify your hands at water basins. Dress modestly when visiting religious sites. Certain festivals like Obon or New Year carry spiritual significance—respect local customs during these times.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Japan, Japan National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025