Nigeria Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Nigeria? Main activities and attractions

Nigeria’s cultural richness is expressed through its historic landmarks and heritage sites. In Lagos, the National Museum offers artifacts like traditional masks and terracotta relics from the Nok civilization. The UNESCO-listed Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove is a spiritual sanctuary deeply tied to Yoruba beliefs. The ancient city of Kano, with its centuries-old Emir’s Palace and traditional dye pits, showcases Hausa architecture and craft. Ibadan houses one of Africa’s largest universities and cultural institutions such as the Cocoa House and Bower’s Tower. Meanwhile, the Idanre Hills in Ondo state connect history and nature, being both sacred and scenic.

Nigeria’s natural landscape offers diverse eco-experiences and local cuisine forms an integral part of exploration. Visit Cross River National Park for tropical forest trekking or Yankari Game Reserve in Bauchi to watch elephants and hippos in the wild. The Erin Ijesha Waterfall and Awhum Cave deliver lush surroundings and spiritual calm. Along the southern coast, beaches such as Tarkwa Bay provide relaxation. Gastronomy lovers will enjoy Suya (spiced grilled meat), Jollof rice, and pounded yam with Egusi soup. Joining a street food tour or participating in local cooking classes unlocks authentic culinary heritage. Whether through landscapes or flavours, every corner offers a fresh and vibrant travel experience.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Nigeria

Beyond the well-known circuits, Nigeria offers surprising experiences that showcase its ecological, cultural, and traditional uniqueness. In the far southeastern corner, the Afi Mountain Drill Ranch near Calabar is home to endangered primates. Travellers can visit and contribute to conservation efforts in a lush rainforest environment, often missed by conventional tours. Up north, in the Sahel-swept town of Argungu, joining the annual Argungu Fishing Festival is a remarkable affair. It mixes traditional music, canoe races, and competitive fishing techniques practiced in the region since ancestral times. It is a vibrant cultural immersion far from standard attractions. Another hidden gem is the Ogbunike Caves, nestled in Anambra State. These caves hold spiritual importance and feature a labyrinth of tunnels and chambers that can be explored with a local guide while learning about their ritual significance. In central Nigeria, the Nok Terracotta archaeological site presents a journey into prehistory. Though lesser-known, this site reveals the ancient civilization that flourished over 2,000 years ago, giving enthusiasts a rich cultural context. Lastly, visit the Makoko district in Lagos—a “floating slum” built on stilts—where tours led by local NGOs highlight life on the lagoon shores. These ethical visits promote dialogue and understanding. By venturing off the beaten path, a travel to Nigeria opens windows into traditions and perspectives rarely encountered elsewhere.

When to visit Nigeria? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Nigeria

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, UK, and US citizens must obtain a visa before arrival in Nigeria. The tourist visa is generally valid for 30 days and requires an invitation letter or hotel reservation. Applications are processed at Nigerian embassies or online through the Nigeria Immigration Service portal.

🚗 Driving rules

Driving is on the right-hand side in Nigeria. An international driving license is strongly recommended and often required by local authorities or rental agencies. Expect variable road quality and different levels of traffic discipline, particularly in urban centres.

🔌 Electricity

Nigeria uses Type D and G plugs; voltage is 230V and frequency is 50Hz. Travellers from countries with different plug types will need an adapter. Power outages can be frequent, so portable chargers are practical.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Mobile coverage is extensive in urban areas with providers like MTN, Glo, Airtel, and 9mobile. SIM cards are easy to obtain on arrival at the airport or in shops with valid ID. Data plans are affordable, ranging from €3-10 depending on usage.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Check government advisories before travelling. Avoid the northeastern states such as Borno, Yobe, and Adamawa due to security concerns. Stay vigilant in crowded areas, use authorized taxis, and keep valuables secure. Emergency number is 112.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

It is illegal to photograph military or governmental buildings. Drugs are strictly prohibited, and violations carry heavy penalties. Homosexuality is criminalized by Nigerian law; discretion is advised.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Always greet elders respectfully and dress modestly in both urban and rural areas. Public displays of affection are frowned upon. Avoid using the left hand for giving or receiving items in traditional settings.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Nigeria is religiously diverse, predominantly split among Muslims, Christians, and Indigenous beliefs. Remove shoes before entering mosques or traditional temples. Respect fasting periods like Ramadan and Christian festivals such as Easter with proper etiquette.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Nigeria, Nigeria National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025