Russia Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Russia? Main activities and attractions

Moscow’s Red Square and Kremlin encapsulate Russia’s imperial and Soviet glory, framed by St. Basil’s Cathedral’s colorful domes. In Saint Petersburg, the Hermitage Museum stands among the most renowned art collections in the world, housed in the Winter Palace of the former tsars. Exploring historic cities along the Golden Ring reveals medieval churches, kremlins, and rural architecture. Don’t miss Kazan, a fascinating blend of Russian and Tatar culture, and Yekaterinburg, a key site in Romanov history. Russia’s extensive network of Orthodox monasteries also offers insight into deeply rooted religious traditions and artistry.

A journey aboard the Trans-Siberian Railway offers a once-in-a-lifetime view of endless landscapes and cultural transitions across eight time zones. Outdoor enthusiasts can hike Mount Elbrus, Europe’s highest peak, or explore volcanic terrain in Kamchatka. Lake Baikal, the world’s deepest freshwater lake, stuns with its icy winter wonders and summer adventures. Russian cuisine is hearty and diverse—try borscht, pelmeni, and local fish preparations. Cultural experiences include folk dances, opera, and traditional banyas (steam baths). Tasting local delicacies and engaging with locals over vodka or tea provide immersive insights into everyday Russian life.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Russia

While Russia is famous for its iconic cities, monuments, and imperial past, many lesser-known treasures await curious travelers looking beyond the typical tourist trail. These hidden corners of Russia offer an authentic look into its diverse landscapes and cultures.

Visit the Republic of Tuva in southern Siberia to witness traditional throat singing and shamanic ceremonies in a region blending Mongolian and Russian heritage. In the remote city of Solovetsky on the White Sea, explore ancient monasteries that once housed Soviet labor camps—this UNESCO site adds depth to understanding Russian history. Adventurers can trek through the Altai Mountains bordering Mongolia and Kazakhstan, a place known for untouched nature and nomadic shepherds.

Stay in a traditional izba wooden house in Karelia, near the Finnish border, and immerse yourself in forested landscapes and sauna traditions. Alternatively, journey to the Manpupuner rock formations in the Komi Republic—giant stone pillars formed by wind erosion that rise dramatically from the tundra, revered by indigenous Mansi people.

These experiences not only reveal Russia’s vast geographic and cultural mosaic but also encourage travelers to step outside capital cities. Traveling off-the-beaten-path in Russia uncovers timeless customs, deep-rooted spirituality, and natural beauty rarely seen by mainstream tourism.

When to visit Russia? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Russia

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, US, and UK citizens generally require a visa to enter Russia. This includes a tourist invitation letter, visa application, and biometric data. The tourist visa allows stays up to 30 days, and processing may take 1-3 weeks. Always check current regulations, which can vary depending on bilateral relations and political developments.

🚗 Driving rules

Driving is on the right side of the road. Foreigners must carry an international driving license along with their national license. Expect varied road conditions outside urban areas, frequent traffic police checks, and signage often only in Russian. Avoid night driving in remote areas.

🔌 Electricity

Russia uses type C and F plugs at 220V, 50Hz. European devices are usually compatible, but check before use. Travelers from the UK or North America will need an adapter and, sometimes, a voltage converter for specific devices.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Mobile coverage is wide across populated areas, though remote regions may lack signal. Leading operators include MTS, Beeline, and MegaFon. Buying a local SIM card is affordable and easy, requiring passport registration. Expect good 4G in cities and basic Wi-Fi in most accommodations.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Russia is generally safe for tourists, with low crime in most areas. Petty theft may happen in crowded sites, so stay alert. The North Caucasus, including Chechnya and Dagestan, is not recommended due to past unrest. Keep embassy contacts and emergency numbers on hand.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Drug laws are very strict in Russia, including cannabis-based products. Avoid political demonstrations and be cautious with photography near government buildings or infrastructure. Never carry a drone without prior clearance. Respect local laws to avoid fines or detention.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Russians value politeness, modesty, and reserved expressions in public. Avoid overly casual clothing in churches and formal events. Do not smile excessively at strangers; it may be perceived as insincere. Public displays of affection are generally tolerated but vary by region. Always remove your shoes when entering someone’s home.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Orthodox Christianity is predominant, though Russia includes Islamic, Jewish, and Buddhist communities. Dress conservatively in religious sites, and women may need a head covering in churches or mosques. Be aware of fasting periods like Lent, which affect food availability in some areas.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Russia, Russia National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025