South Sudan Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in South Sudan? Main activities and attractions

Historical and cultural sites in South Sudan offer a glimpse into the country’s tribal richness and heritage. The capital city Juba hosts landmarks like St. Theresa’s Cathedral, a symbol of Christian faith in the country. The John Garang Mausoleum pays tribute to the father of the nation and its struggle for independence. Visitors can also explore traditional marketplaces to discover local crafts and interact with diverse ethnic communities. Authentic cultural dances and ceremonies among tribes such as the Dinka, Nuer and Shilluk are integral to understanding societal structure and values.

Natural experiences in South Sudan are centred around its vast and largely untouched wilderness. Boma and Bandingilo National Parks shelter populations of elephants, giraffes and the world’s second-largest animal migration. The Sudd wetlands offer exceptional birdwatching and eco-tourism potential, although access requires guided expeditions. Food lovers can sample local dishes like kisra (fermented flatbread) or goat stew, with meals often shared communally in villages. River safaris on the White Nile create memorable nature encounters as the waters meander through serene landscapes.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in South Sudan

South Sudan’s lesser-known gems provide immersion into traditions, nature and unexplored places rarely visited by international tourists. These experiences offer an authentic alternative to classic sightseeing and open a window onto the daily life of communities across the country.

In **Eastern Equatoria**, discover the village of Lotuko and hike **up the Imatong Mountains**, the highest peaks in South Sudan. The trails pass through lush forests and offer panoramic views of the Ugandan border region.

Attend **a rural cattle camp ceremony with the Mundari people near Terekeka**, north of Juba. These semi-nomadic pastoralists are known for their unique relationship with Ankole-Watusi cattle, elaborate body markings and nightly smoke rituals to protect their animals.

Explore the **remote communities of the Toposa tribe in Kapoeta**, where jewel-encrusted attire and facial scarification are practiced without Western influence. Local guides can arrange walking interactions and help translate local dialects.

In **northern Unity State**, experience birding in the untouched Sudd Wetlands. During the rainy season, this marshland floods extensively, providing habitat for an impressive variety of migratory species.

Venturing off main roads is challenging but rewarding in South Sudan. These offbeat activities **offer indescribable cultural encounters** and grant deeper understanding of the country’s human and ecological diversity.

When to visit South Sudan? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to South Sudan

📋 Formalities and visa

All EU, US and UK citizens need a visa in advance to enter South Sudan. The e-visa can be applied for online before travel, with processing times up to 3 weeks. You will need a valid passport (6-months validity), yellow fever vaccination proof, hotel booking confirmation and a travel itinerary. A single-entry visa allows a stay of up to 30 days.

🚗 Driving rules

Driving is on the right-hand side of the road. An international driving permit (IDP) is mandatory for all foreigners intending to drive. Conditions vary—major roads are asphalted in Juba, but rural areas may lack signage, tarmac or fuel stations. Local drivers may not follow standard road rules, and extreme caution is advised.

🔌 Electricity

Electricity runs on 230V / 50Hz, and plug types mostly used are type C and D. An adaptor is recommended especially for travelers from the UK or US as compatibility may vary. Power cuts are common; bring backup chargers.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Mobile coverage is limited outside cities. In Juba, providers like MTN South Sudan and Zain offer SIM cards with 3G connections. Prepaid SIMs are easy and cheap to acquire in town, around $1–2, but internet can be slow during peak hours.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Travel advisories recommend extreme caution in border regions and Northern states due to banditry, rebel militias or inter-tribal conflicts. Always check with local embassies before travelling internally. Carry emergency numbers and keep local contacts informed. Urban areas like Juba are safer but vigilance is essential.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

Photography of government buildings, military zones or bridges is strictly prohibited. Drones require special permits. Bringing in alcohol, pornography or uncensored press items can result in confiscation or penalties.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Greeting people with both hands or a nod is customary. Avoid public displays of affection or raising your voice in disagreement. Long clothing that covers the legs and shoulders is recommended, especially for women. Remove shoes before entering homes.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Christianity is the major religion, followed by indigenous beliefs and Islam. Visitors should dress conservatively near churches and mosques. Holy days like Christmas, Easter or Ramadan should be respected and are often accompanied by local celebrations and closures.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in South Sudan, South Sudan National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025