Zambia Travel Guide: What to Do

What to do in Zambia? Main activities and attractions

Victoria Falls, known locally as Mosi-oa-Tunya (“The Smoke That Thunders”), is undoubtedly Zambia’s most iconic heritage site. This UNESCO World Heritage site straddles the border with Zimbabwe and offers a breathtaking curtain of cascading water. Lusaka National Museum is another cultural landmark, showcasing ethnographic collections and the country’s post-independence journey. In Livingstone, the Railway Museum and Jewish Museum highlight colonial influences. Shiwa Ng’andu estate, built in the early 20th century, is a lesser-known cultural gem blending English architecture with remote wilderness. Kalambo Falls, one of Africa’s highest uninterrupted waterfalls, also holds rich archaeological significance.

Zambia’s game parks provide exceptional wildlife watching, with South Luangwa, Kafue, and Lower Zambezi National Parks offering intimate safari experiences. Walking safaris originated here, allowing visitors to track elephants, lions, and leopards on foot, guided by expert rangers. Adventure buffs can bungee jump or whitewater raft at Victoria Falls. For culinary exploration, try nshima (maize meal porridge), caterpillar stew, or Zambezi river fish like bream or tilapia. Local markets such as those in Lusaka or Kitwe provide vibrant tastes and encounters. Zambia’s nature and cuisine offer a mix of thrill and authenticity in every journey.

Unusual and off-the-beaten-path experiences in Zambia

Beyond safaris and iconic waterfalls, Zambia offers a host of rare encounters that enrich your travel experience. Exploring these lesser-known wonders unveils the raw soul of the country and its diverse peoples.

Begin with Kundalila Falls in the Serenje district, where dramatic cascades plunge into a lush gorge hidden from most tourist maps. Surrounded by orchids and serene trails, it’s a perfect oasis for solitude lovers. In the east, visit the historic village of Chikanta in Southern Province, where community-based tourism invites you to share daily chores with locals, enjoy traditional drumming, and sleep in grass-thatched huts.

For a wild and eerie experience, Lake Chifunabuli (also called Lake Bangweulu’s ghost island) reveals ancient community legends and astonishing birdlife, including the elusive shoebill stork. In the North-Western Province, the Mutanda Falls are a cascade network rarely visited but ideal for photography and picnics.

Lastly, climb Nachikufu Cave in Mpika, which is adorned with prehistoric wall paintings dating back thousands of years and housed within rocky crests that overlook the Muchinga Escarpment. These unusual discoveries showcase the depth and mystery hidden within Zambia’s interior, making every detour a story worth telling.

When to visit Zambia? Best travel periods

Essential practical information for traveling to Zambia

📋 Formalities and visa

EU, UK, and US citizens can obtain a visa on arrival or apply online for an e-Visa. A single-entry visa typically allows stays up to 90 days. A passport valid for at least 6 months and a return/onward ticket are required. Visa fees vary by nationality, but range from $50 to $80.

🚗 Driving rules

Zambia drives on the left-hand side of the road. An international driving license is required and often requested at car rentals or police checkpoints. Road conditions vary, and rural roads may be unpaved. Watch for animals and avoid night driving outside major towns due to poor lighting.

🔌 Electricity

Zambia uses type G plugs (UK style) with a 230V voltage and 50Hz frequency. Travelers from continental Europe or North America will need an adapter to charge electronic devices.

📱 Mobile network and internet

Mobile coverage is good in urban areas but limited in remote regions. Main providers include MTN, Airtel, and Zamtel. SIM cards are easily available upon passport registration. 4G internet is common in Lusaka, with data bundles starting from $5 per GB.

⚠️ Safety and areas to avoid

Zambia is generally safe for tourists, though petty crime like theft and scams can occur in busy areas. Avoid high-crime neighborhoods in Lusaka at night. Emergency numbers include 999 (police) and 992 (ambulance). During elections, avoid demonstrations or political gatherings.

🚫 Prohibitions and regulations

It is prohibited to photograph government buildings, military zones, or airports. Drugs and counterfeit goods are strictly banned, and penalties can be severe. Wildlife products such as ivory are illegal to export or possess.

🤝 Cultural codes and behavior

Politeness and greetings are important in Zambian culture. Dress modestly in rural areas, especially for women. Public displays of affection are frowned upon, especially outside Lusaka. Pointing with fingers and loud arguments are seen as disrespectful.

🕌 Respect for religious traditions

Zambia is predominantly Christian, but religious freedom is respected. Visitors should dress appropriately when visiting churches and avoid photographing during services. Islamic and traditional tribal ceremonies also occur throughout the year.

Sources: Foreign Office, Embassy in Zambia, Zambia National Tourism Office. Last updated: January 2025